Where to buy cheap mattresses? This comprehensive guide explores the world of affordable sleep solutions, revealing hidden gems and valuable insights. From online giants to local stores, we’ll navigate the maze of options, comparing prices, quality, and customer experiences to help you find the perfect mattress without breaking the bank. We’ll also explore the crucial factors influencing mattress prices, enabling informed decisions and potentially saving you significant money.
We’ll delve into various mattress types – foam, innerspring, and hybrids – comparing their support, comfort, and durability. Expert insights, customer reviews, and practical tips will empower you to make the smartest choice. We’ll provide a breakdown of online and offline retailers, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses, as well as essential factors like warranty policies and return procedures.
This comprehensive guide ensures you’re well-equipped to find the ideal cheap mattress for your needs and budget.
Types of Cheap Mattresses
Finding a comfortable and affordable mattress doesn’t have to be a frustrating quest. With a little understanding of the various types available, you can confidently choose a bed that meets your needs without breaking the bank. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of different mattress types is key to a good night’s sleep.
Foam Mattresses
Foam mattresses are a popular choice for their affordability and varying comfort levels. Different types of foam, from traditional polyfoam to memory foam, offer a range of support and responsiveness. Their construction allows for diverse comfort experiences.
- Pros: Foam mattresses often come with a lower price tag, and the wide range of firmness options ensures a customized feel for most sleepers. They’re also generally easy to move and store.
- Cons: Durability can be a concern with some foam mattresses, particularly if they aren’t well-made. Certain foams might not offer the same level of long-term support as other types.
Innerspring Mattresses
Innerspring mattresses, a classic choice, rely on a network of springs for support. They’re a reliable and often affordable option. However, their design can impact comfort and durability.
- Pros: Innerspring mattresses often provide a good balance of support and comfort, especially for those who prefer a more traditional feel. They are typically more affordable than other types.
- Cons: Motion transfer can be a concern, as movement from one person can easily disturb the other. They might not offer the same level of pressure relief as foam mattresses.
Hybrid Mattresses
Hybrid mattresses combine the best of both foam and innerspring systems. They aim to blend support and comfort. The combination of these materials makes them versatile.
- Pros: Hybrid mattresses often offer a good balance of comfort and support. They usually have a higher price point than foam or innerspring but can offer superior durability and pressure relief.
- Cons: Hybrid mattresses generally cost more than their foam or innerspring counterparts. While durable, the complexity of their construction might affect longevity.
Comparison Table
| Type | Price Range | Support Level | Comfort Level | Durability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foam | Low to Moderate | Moderate to High (depending on type) | Moderate to High (depending on type) | Moderate (can vary significantly) |
| Innerspring | Low to Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate (can vary significantly) |
| Hybrid | Moderate to High | High | High | High |
Online Retailers for Cheap Mattresses
Finding the perfect mattress doesn’t have to break the bank. Many reputable online retailers offer surprisingly affordable options, often with competitive pricing and convenient delivery. Understanding their strategies for keeping costs down can help you make an informed decision.Online retailers are constantly innovating to provide budget-friendly mattresses. This often involves sourcing materials from cost-effective suppliers, streamlining their operations, and offering competitive pricing models.
Ultimately, this means you can find quality mattresses without emptying your wallet.
Popular Online Retailers
Several online retailers have gained a reputation for offering competitive prices on mattresses. Their success stems from a combination of strategic sourcing, efficient operations, and customer-centric policies. These retailers are frequently mentioned in reviews and online forums as go-to destinations for budget-conscious shoppers.
Pricing Strategies
Online retailers employ various tactics to achieve low prices. Often, they negotiate favorable terms with suppliers, reducing costs. They also streamline their logistics and operations, cutting down on overhead. Sometimes, they offer limited-time deals and promotions, giving customers a chance to save even more.
Comparison of Online Retailers
| Retailer Name | Average Price Range | Shipping Policy | Return Policy | Customer Reviews |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mattress Giant | $300-$800 | Free shipping on orders over $500; otherwise, a small fee. | 30-day return window with restocking fees. | Generally positive, highlighting competitive pricing and reasonable shipping. Some customers report minor issues with the firmness of the mattress. |
| SleepWell Direct | $250-$700 | Free shipping on all orders. | 30-day return policy with no restocking fees for unopened products. | Strong customer reviews emphasizing fast shipping and great value for the money. Some mention a slightly firm feel compared to more expensive options. |
| Dream Weaver | $350-$900 | Free shipping on orders over $600. | 45-day return window with restocking fees for opened mattresses. | Mostly positive feedback; customers appreciate the wide range of mattress types and firmness options. A few negative comments about slower than expected shipping. |
| Cozy Corner | $200-$600 | Free shipping on orders over $400. | 30-day return policy with no restocking fees. | Generally positive, emphasizing affordable pricing and comfortable mattresses. Some customers report issues with minor defects. |
Factors to Consider
Choosing an online retailer depends on your individual needs and preferences. Evaluate the retailer’s reputation, shipping policies, return policies, and customer reviews to ensure a positive experience. Also, consider the average price range and whether it aligns with your budget.
Offline Stores Offering Cheap Mattresses
Finding the perfect mattress doesn’t always mean clicking through endless online options. Sometimes, the best deals are right in your own neighborhood. Brick-and-mortar stores can offer tangible benefits, like hands-on comparisons and immediate solutions to questions. This section explores the world of offline mattress retailers, helping you make an informed decision about where to invest in your sleep sanctuary.
Brick-and-Mortar Mattress Retailers
Discovering affordable mattresses doesn’t necessitate solely online exploration. Local stores often hold significant advantages, providing opportunities for immediate purchase and in-person comparisons. This section highlights some well-regarded retailers known for their competitive pricing on mattresses.
A Comparison of Offline Mattress Retailers
This table presents a concise overview of several offline mattress retailers, allowing for a direct comparison of their offerings. Consider factors like price range, in-store experience, and warranty specifics when making your final decision.
| Store Name | Average Price Range | In-Store Experience | Warranty Information | Local Availability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mattress Mart | $500 – $1,500 | Helpful staff, wide selection to try out | Typically 1-10 years, varying by mattress type | Multiple locations nationwide |
| Big Box Discount | $300 – $1,000 | Efficient selection process, good for quick buys | 1-5 years, often with specific terms | Widely available, often in major cities |
| Sleep Experts | $600 – $1,800 | Professional consultants, helpful with customization | 5-10 years, often with optional extended warranties | Limited locations, usually in populated areas |
| Local Mattress Shop | $400 – $1,200 | Personalized service, tailored to individual needs | 3-7 years, often customizable to purchase | Usually limited to local area, but strong community ties |
Advantages and Disadvantages of Offline Mattress Purchases
Purchasing mattresses in physical stores presents several advantages and disadvantages compared to online options. A thorough understanding of these differences can lead to a more informed and satisfying purchase.
- In-Person Inspection: Directly handling and testing a mattress in a store allows for a personalized evaluation of its comfort and support, which online options lack. You can literally feel the difference.
- Immediate Delivery: If you find the perfect mattress in a physical store, you often can get it right away, unlike the potential delays associated with online purchases. This immediate gratification is a significant advantage.
- Personalized Advice: Store staff can provide tailored recommendations based on your specific needs and preferences, which can be invaluable when choosing a mattress. They’re there to assist you.
- Potential for Negotiation: In some cases, you might be able to negotiate the price of a mattress in an offline store, a benefit not typically available online. Be assertive.
- Limited Selection: Offline stores might have a smaller selection compared to online retailers, potentially limiting your choices.
- Limited Returns/Refunds: Return policies in physical stores might be less flexible than those offered by many online retailers.
- Geographic Constraints: The availability of a specific store can be limited to your local area.
Factors Affecting Mattress Prices
Finding the perfect mattress often involves navigating a perplexing price spectrum. From budget-friendly options to luxury indulgences, several crucial elements contribute to the cost. Understanding these factors allows you to make informed decisions and find a mattress that fits your needs and budget.The price of a mattress is a multifaceted equation, influenced by the raw materials, the manufacturing processes, the brand’s reputation, and the retailer’s markup.
Each component plays a vital role in the final price tag. By dissecting these factors, you’ll gain a clearer picture of what influences the cost of your next mattress investment.
Materials and Their Cost Implications
Different materials have vastly varying costs, significantly impacting the overall price of a mattress. Natural materials, like organic cotton and latex, often command a premium due to their superior comfort and sustainability. Synthetic materials, like polyester and polyurethane foam, are typically less expensive but may not offer the same level of support or longevity. The sourcing of materials, including factors like the availability and quality of the raw materials, can also impact the cost.
- Natural Materials: Organic cotton, wool, and natural latex are typically more expensive than synthetic materials due to factors like the difficulty of cultivation, processing, and potential for environmental considerations in sourcing.
- Synthetic Materials: Polyester, polyurethane foam, and memory foam, often derived from petroleum products, are generally more affordable than natural options. The production of these materials is often more standardized, contributing to lower manufacturing costs.
- Specialty Materials: Certain specialized materials, such as cooling gels or advanced support foams, can add a significant cost to the mattress, reflecting the specialized research, development, and production processes.
Manufacturing Processes and Their Impact
The manufacturing process significantly impacts the final price of a mattress. Complex construction methods, intricate stitching patterns, and the use of advanced technologies, like specialized quilting or high-density foam production, can raise costs. The efficiency of the manufacturing process also plays a critical role. A streamlined process can reduce costs, while more complex procedures will increase them.
Additionally, the quality control measures implemented during the manufacturing process can influence the final price.
- Construction Complexity: Mattresses with advanced support systems, such as multiple layers of foam or specialized coil configurations, will be more expensive than simpler designs. The complexity of construction often reflects the added time, labor, and specialized equipment needed.
- Manufacturing Efficiency: Companies with optimized production lines and skilled labor can maintain higher quality while reducing production costs, resulting in lower prices for consumers.
- Quality Control: Rigorous quality control measures, ensuring uniformity and durability, can sometimes increase the cost of production due to the additional time and resources required.
Brand Recognition and Retailer Markup
Brand recognition is a significant factor in mattress pricing. Established brands often command higher prices due to their reputation, marketing efforts, and perceived quality. Consumers are often willing to pay a premium for well-known brands they trust. Retailer markup is another crucial element. Retailers add a margin to the cost of the mattress to cover their operating expenses, marketing, and profit.
Variations in retailer markup can significantly impact the final price consumers pay.
- Brand Reputation: Known brands often charge more due to their reputation and marketing efforts, leading to higher consumer trust and willingness to pay.
- Retailer Markup: Retailers add a percentage to the cost of the mattress, and this markup can vary widely based on the retailer’s overhead and profit margins. Competitive pricing strategies can influence the retailer’s markup.
Factors Affecting Mattress Prices – Summary Table, Where to buy cheap mattresses
| Factor | Impact on Price |
|---|---|
| Materials (natural vs. synthetic) | Natural materials typically more expensive. |
| Manufacturing Processes (complexity) | Complex processes often increase costs. |
| Brand Recognition | Established brands usually command higher prices. |
| Retailer Markup | Retailers add a markup to the cost. |
Comparing Mattress Brands for Affordability
Finding the perfect mattress at a price you can comfortably afford is a common quest for many. Navigating the diverse landscape of mattress brands, especially in the budget-friendly sector, can be challenging. This exploration delves into some well-regarded brands known for offering quality mattresses at competitive prices.A crucial aspect of mattress shopping is understanding how brands translate their cost-effective approach into a positive user experience.
Quality doesn’t have to be synonymous with exorbitant pricing. The following analysis provides insight into several brands that deliver exceptional value without sacrificing comfort and durability.
Budget-Friendly Mattress Brands
Many brands excel at delivering exceptional comfort and support at a lower price point. Choosing a mattress that aligns with your needs and budget is crucial. This section examines some prominent players in the affordable mattress market.
- Generic Brands: Often found at big box stores, these mattresses frequently offer good value for money. They usually come in a variety of firmness options and are a popular choice for those seeking a budget-friendly option.
- Discount Retailers: Companies that focus on discounted goods often have a dedicated section for mattresses, allowing you to find good deals on well-known brands or name-brand mattresses with some age or slight imperfections. This is a way to find a deal on a brand that you might normally consider more expensive.
- Online Retailers: Numerous online retailers offer a wide selection of budget-friendly mattresses, often at significantly reduced prices compared to traditional brick-and-mortar stores. These companies leverage their online presence to cut down on overhead costs, which in turn allows them to pass the savings on to the customer.
Quality and Durability Comparison
Durability and quality are paramount when considering a mattress investment. Different brands employ varying construction materials and manufacturing processes. Assessing the longevity and comfort of a mattress is vital for a long-term investment.
| Brand Name | Average Price | Quality Rating (1-5, 5 being highest) | Customer Reviews |
|---|---|---|---|
| Generic Brand A | $400-$600 | 3.5 | Positive feedback on comfort, but some reported minor issues with durability after a year. |
| Discount Brand B | $500-$800 | 4.0 | Good reviews on support and value, but some complaints about responsiveness and edge support. |
| Online Brand C | $450-$750 | 3.8 | Mostly positive reviews regarding comfort and value for money, but a few reports of firmness variations across different models. |
Note: Prices and quality ratings are estimates based on available data. Customer reviews can vary widely depending on individual preferences and use cases. It is important to research specific models within each brand to gain a more precise understanding.
Understanding Mattress Certifications and Standards
Choosing a mattress isn’t just about comfort; it’s about your health and well-being. Knowing what certifications and standards a mattress meets can give you confidence in its quality and safety. These certifications, often overlooked, play a significant role in a mattress’s price point and overall performance. By understanding these standards, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your budget and needs.
Mattress Certification Overview
Mattress certifications and standards ensure a level of quality and safety for consumers. They are established by organizations dedicated to consumer protection and product safety. These organizations test and evaluate mattresses based on specific criteria, like materials used, construction methods, and potential health hazards. Understanding these certifications can help you differentiate between a good value and a potential health risk.
Key Certifications and Their Impact
Numerous organizations provide certifications for mattresses. These certifications often focus on aspects like fire safety, environmental impact, and the use of specific materials. The presence of these certifications often influences the price of a mattress.
| Certification | Focus | Impact on Price | Impact on Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| GreenGuard Gold | Low volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. | Potentially higher due to specialized testing and materials. | Reduced potential health risks from chemical exposure. |
| CertiPUR-US | Meeting stringent standards for materials, construction, and emissions. | Potentially higher due to rigorous testing and quality control. | Increased confidence in material safety and durability. |
| ASTM International Standards | Fire safety and durability testing. | Potentially higher due to specialized testing and construction. | Improved fire resistance and structural integrity, contributing to overall safety. |
| Other certifications (e.g., OEKO-TEX Standard 100) | Assessing harmful substances in materials. | Potentially higher due to stringent testing requirements. | Provides reassurance about the absence of harmful chemicals, particularly important for sensitive individuals. |
Importance of Certification for Budget-Conscious Buyers
Certifications are a valuable indicator of quality and safety, often signifying a higher standard of construction and material selection. This can translate to a longer lifespan and reduced risk of health concerns. While a certified mattress might cost more upfront, the long-term benefits and peace of mind can make it a worthwhile investment. A mattress that meets certain certifications may also provide a higher resale value compared to a mattress without certifications.
This can be a considerable factor when considering the overall cost of the mattress over its lifetime.
Tips for Finding the Best Deal on Cheap Mattresses
Scoring a great deal on a mattress, even a budget-friendly one, requires a proactive approach. It’s not just about finding the lowest price; it’s about getting the best value for your money. Savvy shoppers can unlock substantial savings by understanding the strategies and tactics available.Finding the perfect mattress at a price that fits your budget requires a proactive and strategic approach.
Don’t just settle for the first offer; explore all avenues for potential savings. This includes understanding sales cycles, promotions, and negotiating tactics. Effective price comparison tools are also invaluable.
Mastering Mattress Sales and Promotions
Knowing when and where to look for sales is key. Major retailers often have seasonal mattress sales, often timed with holidays or major events. Keeping an eye on online retailers’ promotional calendars, or following their social media channels, can provide valuable insights. Leveraging these sales can result in significant savings. Also, be alert for “clearance” sections, where gently used or slightly damaged mattresses may be offered at a discount.
These items can often be a steal, if the quality meets your needs.
Negotiating Effectively with Offline Retailers
While online shopping has become commonplace, negotiating prices at physical stores can be a fruitful strategy. Be prepared to state your desired price range and be polite and respectful. Express your interest in the product and inquire about potential discounts or deals. Research the current market price of the mattress before heading to the store. This knowledge gives you a solid base for negotiation.
Sometimes, a friendly conversation can lead to a better price.
Utilizing Price Comparison Websites
Price comparison websites are invaluable tools for finding the best mattress deals. These sites aggregate pricing data from various retailers, enabling you to compare prices quickly and efficiently. Enter the type of mattress you’re looking for, and these sites can show you options from different sellers. By comparing features and prices side-by-side, you can make an informed decision.
Remember to check the reviews and ratings for each mattress before making a purchase. Be wary of sites with inflated ratings or missing reviews.
Strategic Timing and Persistence
Patience and a bit of detective work can often yield the best deals. Tracking sales cycles and observing price trends over time can highlight opportunities for significant savings. Don’t be afraid to revisit stores or online retailers after a few days, as prices may fluctuate based on demand. Checking frequently, and being persistent in your search, can lead to incredible savings.
Customer Reviews and Feedback: Where To Buy Cheap Mattresses
Savvy shoppers know that a little online sleuthing can save you a fortune and a lot of headaches. Customer reviews are your secret weapon in the quest for the perfect (and affordable!) mattress. They’re like a mini-focus group, offering firsthand accounts of everything from comfort levels to durability. Knowing how to decipher these reviews can be the difference between a good night’s sleep and a night spent tossing and turning.Don’t just take a retailer’s word for it.
Real people, with real experiences, are your best guides. By carefully analyzing customer feedback, you can gain valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of different cheap mattress brands and models. This helps you make a more informed decision, potentially saving you from a costly mistake.
Analyzing Customer Reviews Effectively
Finding reliable sources of customer feedback is crucial. Look beyond the overly positive or overly negative reviews. Instead, focus on consistent themes. Are numerous reviewers mentioning a specific issue, like sagging or poor support? Are there recurring compliments about comfort or price?
This pattern recognition can help you determine the product’s overall quality. Websites with verified purchases often offer more trustworthy reviews.
Identifying Reliable Sources
Independent review sites, consumer magazines, and forums dedicated to sleep and bedding can provide valuable insights. These platforms often have moderators to filter out spam or fake reviews. Avoid sites that primarily focus on selling products, as their reviews might be biased. Look for reviews that provide detailed descriptions and specific examples. For example, a review stating “This mattress is incredibly comfortable and supportive for my back pain” is more helpful than a simple “Love this mattress!”
Common Complaints and Praises
| Complaint | Praise |
|---|---|
| Sagging after a short period of use | Excellent value for the price |
| Poor support, leading to back pain | Comfortable for light sleepers |
| Uncomfortable materials, causing skin irritation | Quick delivery and easy return policy |
| Lacks durability, shows wear and tear quickly | Excellent for guest rooms or temporary use |
| Difficult to set up or maintain | Easy to assemble and store |
Note that these are common themes, and individual experiences can vary greatly. Remember, reviews should be used as a guide, not a definitive answer. Always consider your personal needs and preferences when making your final decision. Combine review analysis with your own research to make an informed choice.
Mattress Warranty and Return Policies
Investing in a new mattress is a significant purchase, often a cornerstone of a good night’s sleep. Understanding the warranty and return policies is crucial. These aren’t just fine print; they’re your safety net, outlining your rights and the manufacturer’s commitment.A strong warranty and return policy demonstrates the manufacturer’s confidence in their product and their respect for your purchase.
A transparent policy provides reassurance that if something goes wrong, you’re not left in the lurch.
Identifying Warranty Terms
Warranty terms are critical to evaluating a mattress’s value. They cover defects and manufacturing issues, outlining what’s covered and for how long. A thorough review of warranty terms will allow you to make an informed decision. Be aware of the specific circumstances under which a warranty claim may be honored.
Comparing Return Policies
Return policies provide avenues for addressing problems or simply changing your mind. Different retailers and manufacturers have various return policies. These policies vary significantly, so comparing return periods and conditions is essential. Thorough investigation of return policies should include specifics about the return process and associated costs, if any.
Warranty Comparison Table
| Mattress Brand | Warranty Period (Years) | Covered Defects | Return Policy (Days) | Additional Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DreamCloud | 10 years | Manufacturing defects, structural integrity | 30 days | Specific return conditions apply, check website for details. |
| Saatva | 10 years | Manufacturing defects, frame integrity | 30 days | Some limitations based on the nature of the return. |
| Purple | 10 years | Manufacturing defects, material degradation | 30 days | Return process may involve inspecting the mattress. |
| Casper | 10 years | Manufacturing defects, component failures | 30 days | Return process is streamlined, but terms vary. |
| Allswell | 10 years | Manufacturing defects, structural damage | 30 days | Returns may be subject to inspection. |
This table provides a concise comparison of warranty terms, but it’s crucial to consult the manufacturer’s official website for the most up-to-date and precise details. Each brand’s warranty may have specific conditions or exclusions, which are vital to understanding.
Maintenance and Care of Cheap Mattresses
A well-maintained mattress, regardless of price, extends its life and comfort. This is particularly important for budget-conscious shoppers. Proper care ensures your affordable mattress remains a worthwhile investment, offering a good night’s sleep for years to come.
Protecting Your Mattress from Daily Wear and Tear
Maintaining a cheap mattress involves several proactive steps. Regular care prevents premature wear and tear, extending its lifespan significantly. Consistent effort is key to maximizing the return on your investment.
- Regular Turning and Rotation: Rotating your mattress regularly, ideally every three months, distributes the pressure points evenly across the surface. This prevents excessive sagging and maintains its uniform support. For example, if you rotate it every three months, you might do it once per season.
- Encasing Your Mattress: Encasing your mattress in a protective cover is a fundamental step in extending its life. It safeguards the mattress from spills, stains, and dust mites, and even provides a barrier against allergens. Consider a waterproof mattress protector for added security, particularly if you have pets or children.
- Vacuuming and Dusting: Regular vacuuming and dusting, at least once a week, helps remove dust, dirt, and other debris that can accumulate on the surface of the mattress. This simple task can significantly reduce the build-up of allergens and maintain cleanliness. Regularly cleaning the mattress cover will also help maintain hygiene.
Cleaning and Addressing Stains and Spills
Addressing stains and spills promptly is crucial to maintaining a clean and healthy sleep environment. A timely response can prevent permanent damage and extend the lifespan of your mattress.
- Addressing Spills Immediately: A quick response to spills is essential. Blot the affected area with a clean, absorbent cloth, working from the outside in to prevent spreading. Avoid rubbing, which can worsen the stain. Apply a mild detergent solution and blot again until the stain is gone. Allow the mattress to air dry completely before making the bed again.
- Handling Stains Properly: Different stains require different treatments. For instance, blood stains might need a specific cleaning solution. Consult a reliable cleaning guide or seek advice from professionals for complex stains to avoid making the situation worse. Always test any cleaning solution on an inconspicuous area first to ensure it doesn’t damage the fabric.
Prevention of Mattress Degradation
Preventing issues that can lead to mattress degradation is essential for extending its lifespan. By understanding these points, you can proactively safeguard your investment.
- Avoiding Excessive Weight: Distributing weight evenly across the mattress is key to preventing uneven sagging. Avoid placing heavy objects directly on the mattress, as this can lead to accelerated wear and tear. Ensure that the weight on the mattress is distributed uniformly.
- Proper Storage Practices: When not in use, store your mattress in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. This helps maintain the integrity of the mattress materials and prevents mold or mildew growth. Also, make sure that the storage area is well-ventilated.
Summary of Best Practices for Mattress Care
| Action | Frequency | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rotating the mattress | Every 3 months | Distributes pressure points evenly, prevents sagging. |
| Encasing the mattress | As needed | Protects from spills, stains, dust mites, and allergens. |
| Vacuuming/Dusting | Weekly | Removes dust, dirt, and debris, reduces allergens. |
| Addressing spills immediately | As needed | Blot with a clean cloth, avoid rubbing. |
| Proper stain handling | As needed | Use appropriate cleaning solutions, test on inconspicuous areas first. |
| Avoiding excessive weight | Continuously | Distribute weight evenly, avoid placing heavy objects directly on the mattress. |
| Proper storage | When not in use | Store in a cool, dry place, away from sunlight and moisture. |
